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At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake created a rupture along nearly 300 miles of the San Andreas Fault and was felt from southern Oregon to Los Angeles. Because the earthquake's epicenter was just offshore from San Francisco, the impact on that city was catastrophic. An area of almost five square miles in the heart of the city was destroyed by shaking and fire, and earthquake damage was widespread elsewhere. At least 3,000 people were killed, and 225,000 were left homeless.